The Wilson-loop method is widely used in topological material calculation for the reason that it efficiently determines topological invariants and surface states. I will introduce the Wilson-loop method and its application in calculating various topological invariants and surface states. Recently, the nested Wilson-loop method has been proposed to extend the Wilson-loop method from 2 dimensions to 3 dimensions to reveal the higher-order topological properties. I will introduce the application of nested Wilson-loop method in calculating hinge state invariant in SnTe and the surface Dirac cone invariant in Ba3Cd2As4.
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